ISO example:
The three elements of exposure are aperture, shutter speed and ISO. Exposure is the amount of light aloud into the camera when a photo is taken. Every element effects exposure similarly but are used to control different aspects of the picture.
Aperture is the width of the iris of the camera and changes the size of the slice of a photo that is in focus. A low aperture, which means a wide iris, makes a photo lighter, and makes the slice that's in focus smaller which makes a photo look a bit artsier. Shutter speed is how long the camera exposes the light for. A fast shutter speed will be darker because the light isn't exposed as long, but it will also make a moving subject look more crisp. Lastly, ISO mostly just effects the light of a photo, with a higher ISO making a lighter photo, however if the ISO is too high your photo will become a bit grainier.
All of these elements effect exposure and it's important to know what each one does. When you want to be able to adjust something like aperture and make it lower for a thinner focus, you need to know to change shutter speed slower or ISO lower to adjust the lighting.
Example of wide aperture:
Example of small aperture:
Example of fast shutter speed:
Example of slow shutter speed:
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